Web Development
See frontend and backend.
Resources
History
- HTML made public in late 1991, CSS proposed in 1994, HTML 4 in late 1997 was the first spec to support CSS.
- CSS Frameworks starting from mid-2000s to help layout the content.
- JavaScript and dynamic HTML, Mocha invented in 1995. DOM Level 1 standardized in 1998.
- AJAX (2005, with Google apps) allowed JS to fetch data without page reloads.
- Ruby on Rails (2004) and Django (2005) adopts the MVC pattern.
- jQuery (2006) abstracted DOM manipulation, which dominated web dev until modern JS frameworks emerged.
- AngularJS (2010) and SPA
- Client side routing without server requests, DOM is dynamically updated (instead of whole refresh)
- Data are automatically synced between UI and model (we see this legacy in Vue)
- Modularized components
- Other frameworks
- Ember.js (2011)
- React (2013), component based, virtual DOM, one-way data flow
- Vue (2014), reactive two-way binding
- Svelte (2016), no virtual DOM
- Modern meta frameworks, covering both backend and frontend
- There’s another progression of JavaScript tooling.